This study aims to examine and analyze the concept of decision making in the diversion process for children facing the law who are not yet 12 years old; and law enforcement decision making in the diversion process for children who are faced with a law that is not yet 12 years old (Study of the Chairperson of the Mataram District Court Number: 22/Pen.Div/2017/PN Mtr). The concept of decision making in the diversion process for children facing the law that is not yet 12 years old is the judge in imposing sanctions for children considering recommendations in the social research report made by community counselors to express and find data and information objectively about the development and background of life children from various sociological, psychological and other aspects while still paying attention to the best interests of the child. Law enforcement of decision making in the diversion process against children who are faced with a law that is not yet 12 years old emphasizes restorative justice which is the goal in the implementation of the diversion of cases of children facing the law. Law enforcement officials both Investigators, Community Guidance and Professional Social Workers conduct deliberations to reach a decision based on restorative justice that prioritizes the best interests of children.

This study aims to find out how the basic idea of ​​the existence of a Reviewing Institution in criminal proceedings in realizing legal certainty and justice; Implications of the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 66/PU-XIII / 2015 and the formulation policy on future review of the Criminal Procedure Code. This research is normative legal research. The approach used is the law approach; conceptual approach and comparative approach. The results of this study are: In accordance with the nature of the final and binding decision of the constitutional court, the Constitutional Court Decision Number 66 / PU-XIII / 2015 refers to the fundamental principle that justice is the highest legal objective. Citizens' rights as guaranteed by the constitution must not be restricted because they are guaranteed by the constitution. Based on a comparative formulation study in several countries such as in the Chinese Criminal Procedure Code and the Dutch Criminal Procedure Code, the regulatory norms regarding the number of times the Submission of Judicial Review may be submitted are not formulated but the KUHAP of the two countries further regulates in detail the mechanisms and procedures for the Judicial Review. Then the policy formulation of norms for reviewing the KUHAP in the future in addition to referring to the comparison but also must be constitutional in accordance with the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 66 / PUU-XIII / 2015.

The study aims to determine the concept of criminal liability for work group errors in the procurement of goods or services. This research is normative legal research. The Concept of Criminal Liability for Errors of the Working Group in the Procurement of Goods and Services, namely all acts or actions that are illegal That is, that actions or actions in the procurement of goods or services are not in accordance with the laws and regulations starting from the stage of carrying out the preparation and implementation of selection of providers, carrying out preparation and implementation of selection of providers for electronic catalogs, and determining the winner/provider for the selection method. What results in a loss of state loss is a criminal act as stipulated in the law on corruption, namely Article 2 or Article 3 of the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crime changes to the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning Eradication Corruption Crime.

The objective of the study was to analyze the determinants of open innovation adoption among the Ghanaian hospitality SMEs. A cross‐sectional survey using a 5‐point Likert scale questionnaire was used to randomly collect data from 530 managers within the hospitality industry in Ghana. Using SmartPLS software 3.2.8 to analyze primary data, the results show that all six determining factors have a significant impact on open innovation adoption in the hospitality industry. Specifically, competition, human skills, managerial style and IT infrastructure have a positive and significant relationship with open innovation adoption. However, cost and cultural factors had a negative but significant influence on open innovation adoption. The study also provides managers with practical ways of adopting open innovation in the Ghanaian hospitality industry.

This research investigates the relationship between oil and gas reserves value and oil and gas company's market value by using samples of oil and gas companies which internationally base from 2007 to 2011. Additionally, in order to find the overall relationship between oil and gas reserves and the company’s market value, this research has found the average value of oil and gas reserves in the year and then used the calculated market value which has been calculated by the researcher (cohort study). To find the individual association between oil and gas reserves value and oil and gas market value, this research has found the correlation by using excel spreadsheet and used the annual amount of oil and gas reserves then multiplied by annual averages of oil and gas prices (panel study). Additionally, in order to find the relationship between oil and gas reserves and company’s market value, this research has found the allocated companies' market value. The overall result of this research shows there is a positive relationship between oil and gas reserves value and oil and gas company's market value. Besides, for the individual relationship between oil and reserves value and oil and gas company's market value, the result was different from company to company and the difference can be there depending on the company reserves amount, companies' strategies toward reserves disclosure and the company size.